Composition shingle



NOV. 1932- N. P. HARSHBERGR 1,889,121

COMPOSITION SHINGLE Filed Sept. 22, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 [/7 VEN 70R.War/21a Ham/Merger Nov. 29, N. P. HARSHBERGER 1,389,121

COMPOSITION SHINGLE Filed Sept. 22 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 mum Nov. 29,1932.

COMPOS ITION SHINGLE Filed Sept. 22, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 N. P.HARSHBERGER 1,889,121

A armow .Harsfierger 3 AW} lt ntented ov. l w

Application filled teptemher 22, 1222. llerlal llo. ltthtt.

This invention relates to composition shingles, and has for its objectproviding a method or cutting shingles from sheets of shingle materialso that they can be cut from sheets without waste and formed so thatthey can he laid in interlocked rows and with the lap portion of eachshingle of any row interloclnng with the underlying rows of shingles.

In this manner the shingles are not only held w more firmly together inthe rows, but the lap portions are prevented from turning upwardly bythe action of the wind, sun, or otherwise. A. further object of theinvention is to shape the shingles so that, when assembled, they willpresent a pleasing appearance. Other objects oi the invention will beapparent from a consideration of the accompanying drawings and thefollowing description thereof:

(it the drawings Fig. l is a plan view of a sheet oi shingle materialshowing how one type of shingle which embodies my invention may he cutfrom the sheets; Fig. 2 is a plan view the shingles, slightly enlarged,as they appear when laid on the root; Fig. 3 is 25 a plan view ot asingle shingle of this type;

Figs. d, 5, and 6, are similar views of a modified form of the shingle;Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view along the lines 77 of Fig. 6 andFigs. 8, 2 and l0 are plan views corresponding to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 ot afurther modification oi the shingle.

The shingle l5 oil-Figs. 1, 2 and 3 may he composed of any suitablematerial. 1 preter tor the purpose a coat of asphalt 12, on the sheet offelt l3, and, on the asphalt a coat oi granulated mineral such as theslate M. The shingle is of the general shape of aparallelograin havingright angles 16 and 17, an obtuse angle 18, and an acute angle 19. Thesides of the shingle are more or less zigsag shaped so as to torm ahexagonal figure 20 when the shingles are assembled. lit will he ohviousthat by slight modifications in the 1 shape of the shingles thesefigures may he equiangular or equilateral, or hoth. The ligure, however,is arrived at hy forming a stripe 2i across the central portion out theshingle, as, in this case, the shingles are strip shingles comprised ofwhat is equivalent to two individual shingles, such as are illustratedin Elli Figs. 8 to 10. As a consequence, there is no edge in thiscentral portion and to give the hexagonal efiect the hlach stripe 2i isprovided. Each of the shingles has a lug 22 on one side and a slit 23 onone end, the lug of 5% one shingle being adapted to interloclr with Ithe slit 23 in the edge 24 of another sgle,

so that the two shingles are more or less loch together, and at the sametime the position ot the shingles with reference to each other is Wdetermined. By so interlocking the shingles a row 25 is formed whichordinarily runs horizontally and which laps on an underlying row 25 ofsimilarly interlocked shingles... Each of the shingles also has a lug 26and a will slit 27 and when assembled the lug 26 oil a shingle in onerow is interloolred with the slit 27 of an adjacent shingle in theunderlying row. in this instance the shingles are laid in longitudinalrows 25 and 25", and also in transverse rows 28 and 22.

The manner of cutting these shin .gles without waste is clearlpindicated hy ig. l. .h zigzag line is cut ongitudinall across thecentral portion ot the strip cit s ingle material, and also a series ofzigzag lines are cut transversely of the sheet, the sha e oi these linesheing such as to provide t e desired shape of the shingles and also toprovide suitable interlocking means. The angles 32 formed in thetransverse lines are appro'ai mately 120 so as to torm angles oiheaagonal figures, and the various straight portions oil the lines aresubstantially equal. At certain corners the lugs 22 and 26 are termed,as indicated.

Figs. d to l inclusive illustrate a modification of this shingle. Inthis shingle lugs 22 and slits 23 are used, and also the in 26 and slits27, the shingle, therefore, heing very similar to the shingle 15. Inthis case, however, an acute angle 36 and an ohtuse angle 37 are formed.The angle 3% heing produced by cutting from the adjacent shingle thecorner 38. By forming this corner 36 the edge 39 registers with the edged6 oil the adjacent shingle in the overlying row. This gives a. moredistinct edge at this point and prevents rain "from driving up under theshingle.

lln case oi any of these shingles, in order to ml form a definition lineacross the central portion thereof any suitable means may be used. Inthis instance I prefer to make a ridge 40 by scraping with a suitabletool longitudinally along the sheet 45 of shingle material, and forminga ridge 40. If this is done when the asphalt is in a suitably softcondition, just after applying the coat of slate, a black ridge 40 willbe formed consisting of a mixture of asphalt and slate, and the blackstrip will extend across to the slate 41 on the coat. I11 this way theshoulder 42 is formed which gives the appearance of an edge 44. In thiscase, as well as in the case of the shingle 30, the ridge being formed,the appearance of the shingle when assembled is improved and at the sametime the presence of the ridge 40 or the shoulder 42 tends to preventrain from driving upwardly, and also stifi'ens the shingles.

Figs. 8 to 10 inclusive illustrate another modification in which theshingle 45 illustrated is an individual instead of a strip shingle. Thisshingle also has the lug 22, slit 23, lug 26, and slit 27, as is thecase with the shingles 15 and 35, and has also the acute corner 36 andobtuse corner 37 So that the shingle is substantially the same as theshingle 35, except that the entire central portion is eliminated and thetwo ends brought closer together. In laying the shingles it willvbe seenthat the lugs 22 of the overlying shingles interlock with the respectiveslits 23 of the underlying shingles; and also the lugs 26 of theoverlying shingles interlock with the respective slits 27 of theunderlying shingles, so that each end of the lower edge of each shingleis locked down to an underlying shingle. In case of this shingle nostripe across the central portion is necessary as the entire hexagonalfigure is formed complete by various edges of the shingles.

I claim as my invention:

1. A shingle having the shape in general of a parallelogram, but withone pair of opposite edges comprising a plurality of substantially equalstraight portions, the angles between each two straight portions beingobtuse, the other pair of opposite edges being substantially straightand parallel, said shingle having a lug projecting outwardly and a slitprojecting inwardly from one of said equal straight portions, and a lugprojecting outwardly and a slit projecting inwardly from one of saidparallel edges, the last mentioned lug being at one of the corners ofthe parallelogram.

2. A shingle having the general shape of an elongated parallelogram andhaving a first lug projecting outwardly from one end of one of the endedges of the shingle and a first slit extending inwardly from thecentral portion of said edge, and having a second lug projectingoutwardly from the side edge which is adjacent said first mentioned lugand having a second slit extending inwardly from said side edge.

3. A shingle as claimed in claim 2 in which said second lug ispositioned substantially three-fourths of the length of the shingle awayfrom said first lug and between said second slit and said first lug.

4. A shingle having the shape in general of a parallelogram but with onepair of opposite edges comprising a plurality of substantially equalstraight portions, theangle between each two adjaeentstraight portionsbeing obtuse, the other pair of opposite edges being substantiallystraight and parallel, a lug projecting outwardly and a slit extendinginwardly from one of said equal straight portions, and a lug projectingoutwardly and a slit extending inwardly from one of said parallel edges.

5. A shingle having the shape in general of a parallelogram, but withone pair of opposite edges comprising a plurality of substantially equalstraight portions, the angle between each two adjacent straight portionsbeing obtuse, the other pair of opposite edges being substantiallystraight and parallel, a lug projecting outwardly from one end of one ofsaid parallel edges, a lug projecting outwardly from one of said obtuseangles, and a slit extending inwardly from said last mentioned paralleledge, and a slit extending inwardly from another of said obtuse angles.

6. A plurality of shingles assembled to form a. roof covering, each ofsaid shingles having the general shape of an elongated parallelogram andhaving a first lug projecting outwardly from one end of one of the endedges of the shingle and a first slit extending inwardly from thecentral portion of said edge, and having a second lug projectingoutwardly from the side edge which is adjacent said first mentioned lugand having a second slit extending inwardly from said side edge, saidsecond lug being positioned substantially three-fourths of the length ofthe shingle away from said first lug and between said second slit andsaid first lug, the shingles being assembled with the lugs of oneshingle interlocking respectively with the respective slits of twoadjacent shingles.

7. A plurality of shingles assembled to form a roof covering, each ofsaid shingles 'having the general shape of an elongated parallelogramand having a first lug projecting outwardly from one end of one of theend edges of the shingle and a first slit extending inwardly from thecentral portion of said edge, and having a second lug projectingoutwardly from the side edge which is adjacent said first mentioned lugand having a second slit extending inwardly from said side edge, saidsecond lug being positioned substantially three-fourths of the length ofthe shingles away from. said first mentioned lug and between said'second slit and said first lug, said shingles being assembled with thefirst lug of each shingle interlocking with the second slit of anunderlying shingle, and the second lug interlocking with a first slit inanother underlying shingle. p

8. A plurality of shingles assembled to form a roof covering, each ofsaid shingles having the general shape of an elongated parallelogram andhaving a first lug projecting outwardly from one end of one of the endedges of the shingle and a first slit extending inwardly from thecentral portion of said edge, and having a second lug projectingoutwardly from the side edge which is adjacent said first mentioned lugand having a second slit extending inwardly from said side edge, saidsecond lug being positioned substantially three-fourths of the length ofthe shingles away from said first lug and between saidsecond slit andsaid first lug, said side edge being composed of a plurality of straightangularly positioned portions, said second lug being a continuation ofone of said straight portions.

9. A shingle element comprising a body portion forming a plurality ofunits which are oifset with relation to one another, to simulate aplurality of individual shingles, locking means in connection with theend edge of one of said units, and complementary locking means inconnection with a side edge of the adjacent offset unit.

10. The method of cutting shingles of substantially parallelogram shapewith tabs at corners thereof from a strip of material including formingtransverse and longitudinal cuts in the material and further cuts toform the tabs, diagonally disposed shingles being out of diagonalalignment with each other and the complementary edges of the tabs of theshingles so 'diagonally disposed being in line with each other.

11. The method of cutting shingles of substantially parallelogram shapewith tabs at corners thereof from a strip of material, including formingtransverse and longitudinal cuts in the material and further cuts toform the tabs, diagonally disposed shingles having complementary tabswhich are out of diagonal alinement, and said tabs having edgescontacting a common line.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto set my hand.

NORMAN P. HARSHBERGER.

